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726 / 1113 · Jeremiah 43 · Exile in Babylon · c. 586–582 BC

Back Down to Egypt

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It is a strange thing to be carried somewhere you told everyone not to go. Imagine a doctor who warned a family against a dangerous road, only to be bundled into the back seat when they take it anyway. That is where Jeremiah finds himself in chapter 43. The people he had just prayed for reject his answer, accuse him of lying, and take him with them to Egypt. The old prophet, who had spent forty years warning Jerusalem, ends his public story as an unwilling refugee in a foreign land. Yet even there he keeps speaking, this time with a handful of large stones.

Where it sits in the story: Israel's story in Act 3 began with an exodus out of Egypt. Now a remnant of Judah walks back into Egypt of its own accord, carrying the prophet who warned against it. It is a painful reversal. The centre of the story will now shift to the exiles in Babylon, where Ezekiel and Daniel live and where the promises of return will be heard.

What this chapter is doing: To record the remnant's refusal of God's word and their move to Egypt, and to show that Egypt offers no escape from the judgment they were fleeing.

The walk-through
  • 43:1–3 — When Jeremiah finishes speaking, Azariah, Johanan and other proud men call him a liar. They claim Baruch, his scribe, has turned him against them so that they will be handed over to the Babylonians.
  • 43:4–7 — Refusing to stay, Johanan and the officers take the whole remnant, including those who had returned from nearby nations, the king's daughters, Jeremiah and Baruch, and go down to Egypt as far as Tahpanhes.
  • 43:8–13 — At Tahpanhes God tells Jeremiah to bury large stones in the clay pavement at the entrance to Pharaoh's building there, while the Judeans watch. Nebuchadnezzar, he says, will set his throne over these stones, strike Egypt, burn its temples and smash the sacred pillars of Heliopolis.
What it showsTahpanhes is generally identified with Tell Defenneh in the eastern Delta, a frontier fort that housed foreign soldiers; Flinders Petrie excavated there in the 1880s and linked a brick platform to this chapter. A fragmentary Babylonian text records Nebuchadnezzar campaigning against Egypt in his 37th year (c. 568 BC).
Where the evidence stopsPetrie's link between his platform and Jeremiah's stones is a suggestion, not a proof. The Babylonian fragment is broken and does not show a conquest of Egypt as sweeping as the oracle describes. Nothing reliable is known of Jeremiah after Egypt; traditions about his death are late.

Key verse: Jeremiah 43:10  ·  So what: The people treat the unwelcome message as a lie and blame the messenger's friend. It is an old pattern, and it is still with us. Jeremiah's response is not to abandon them but to go with them and keep speaking the truth. Sometimes faithfulness means staying with people who have rejected your counsel, without pretending the counsel was wrong.

← Stay, and I Will Build YouYou have just read God's answer that the remnant should stay in the land (Jeremiah 42); here they refuse and take Jeremiah to Egypt. Next, Jeremiah 44 records his final confrontation with the Judeans living in Egypt.The Argument Over the Queen of Heaven →
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