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1113 / 1113 · Revelation 22 · The Later Letters & Revelation · c. AD 95 (traditional); some date it to the late 60s

The River, the Tree, and 'Come'

Debated

Many Indian families remember a tree in the courtyard of an old house — a neem or a mango that a grandparent planted, whose shade held every wedding, quarrel and afternoon nap. When people leave for the city, that tree is often what they miss. Years later someone goes back and finds it still standing, and suddenly the whole family story makes sense again. Revelation 22 is that return. The Bible began with a tree in a garden that people were shut out of. It ends with the same tree, open to everyone.

Where it sits in the story: This is the final scene of Act 6 and of the whole Bible. The river and the tree of life in Genesis 2 return, now planted in a city; the curse of Genesis 3 is lifted; the cherubim that barred the way to the tree are gone, and God's people see his face. Act 1's garden and Act 6's city turn out to be the beginning and the end of one story. The book then closes as a letter closes — with a promise, a warning and a blessing.

What this chapter is doing: To finish the Bible's story where it started, with humanity at home with God beside the tree of life, and to leave every reader with an invitation rather than a full stop: the Spirit and the bride say 'Come.'

Why it is read here: Revelation is read last and is usually dated to about AD 95, under the emperor Domitian, following early church tradition (Irenaeus). A significant minority date it to the late 60s, before Jerusalem fell.
The walk-through
  • 22:1–5 — An angel shows John the river of the water of life flowing from the throne of God and the Lamb down the middle of the city's street. On each side grows the tree of life, bearing fruit every month, and its leaves are for the healing of the nations. There is no more curse; God's servants see his face, bear his name, and reign for ever.
  • 22:6–11 — The angel says these words are trustworthy, and Jesus says, 'I am coming soon.' John again falls down to worship the angel and is again told to worship God alone. Unlike Daniel, who was told to seal his book, John is told not to seal his: the time is near.
  • 22:12–17 — Jesus speaks directly: he is the Alpha and the Omega, the root and offspring of David, the bright morning star. Those who wash their robes may enter the city and eat from the tree of life. Then the Spirit and the bride say 'Come,' and anyone who is thirsty is invited to take the water of life as a free gift.
  • 22:18–21 — A solemn warning follows against adding to or taking away from the words of this book. Jesus says once more that he is coming soon, and John answers, 'Come, Lord Jesus' — the prayer the earliest church also prayed in Aramaic as 'Maranatha.' The Bible's last word is grace.
What it showsThe chapter deliberately closes the biblical canon's circle: it reuses Genesis 2–3 (river, tree of life, curse) and Ezekiel 47 (the river from the temple and trees whose leaves heal), and its 'Come, Lord Jesus' matches the Aramaic prayer 'Maranatha' preserved in 1 Corinthians 16:22.
Where the evidence stops'Soon' has been read in different ways — as imminent, as God's time rather than ours, or as referring partly to first-century events — and the text gives no date. Anyone who sets a date for Christ's return goes beyond what the book says.

Key verse: Revelation 22:17  ·  So what: The Bible does not end with a threat or a theory but with an invitation, open to anyone who is thirsty, offered free. Whatever you make of Revelation's visions, notice the shape of the whole story: a garden lost, a long way home, and a city where the tree of life stands open again. The last thing the book asks is not that you solve it, but that you come.

← All Things NewYou have just reached the end of the whole story. It began in a garden with a river and the tree of life (Genesis 2), and it ends in a city with the river and the tree of life open to all nations. If you have read this far, go back to 'In the beginning' (Genesis 1) and read it again — it reads differently once you know the ending — or explore the site's other sections.
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