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118 / 1113 · Exodus 26 · Exodus & Wilderness · 15th or 13th century BC (debated); setting at Sinai

Curtains, Frames and the Veil

Debated

Anyone who has helped put up a shamiana for a wedding knows the drill: poles, ropes, layer upon layer of cloth, and someone who knows exactly which piece goes where. Exodus 26 reads like the instruction sheet for a very special tent. It is easy to skim, but it rewards slow reading. There are coloured linen curtains embroidered with cherubim, heavy outer coverings against sun and sand, and, deep inside, one curtain that matters more than all the rest.

Where it sits in the story: In Act 3, God is shaping the place where he will dwell among Israel. This chapter gives the tent its structure and, crucially, its inner boundary: the veil. That curtain will echo through the Bible. The Gospels record that at Jesus' death the temple curtain was torn in two, and the letter to the Hebrews reads the veil as a picture of the way into God's presence that Christ opened.

What this chapter is doing: To define the dwelling-place: beautiful, portable and carefully layered, with a clear line showing that God is near yet holy, and that approaching him is a serious matter.

The walk-through
  • 26:1–14 — The innermost layer is ten curtains of fine linen in blue, purple and scarlet, worked with cherubim and joined by loops and gold clasps into one tent. Over it go curtains of goat hair, then coverings of rams' skins dyed red and an outer layer of durable leather.
  • 26:15–30 — Upright frames of acacia wood, covered in gold, stand in silver bases and are held together by crossbars, forming the walls. Again Moses is told to follow the plan shown on the mountain.
  • 26:31–35 — A veil of the same coloured, cherub-embroidered fabric hangs on four pillars, dividing the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place. The ark goes behind it; the table and lampstand stand outside it, facing each other.
  • 26:36–37 — At the entrance hangs an embroidered screen on five pillars. Worshippers never see past it; only priests will enter the tent.
What it showsTent-shrines are attested in the ancient world: at Timna in the southern Arabah, archaeologist Beno Rothenberg reported a shrine with remains of woven cloth, which he interpreted as a Midianite tent-shrine. Some scholars have also compared the tabernacle's layout to Egyptian royal camp tents.
Where the evidence stopsThese parallels show that such a structure is plausible for its world; they do not confirm the tabernacle itself. The exact meaning of some materials, such as the outer leather covering, is uncertain in Hebrew.

Key verse: Exodus 26:33  ·  So what: The veil holds two truths together that people often pull apart. God wants to live among his people, but he is not casual or tame. The Bible never drops either side. For Christian readers, the torn curtain in the Gospels is the other end of this chapter: the same holiness, now with an open way in. Either way, the chapter invites reverence without distance.

← A House for God to DwellYou have just read the plans for the ark, table and lampstand (Exodus 25). Next, Exodus 27 moves outside the tent to the bronze altar and the courtyard that surrounds it.The Altar and the Courtyard →
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